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==News About Golden Seal== | ==News About Golden Seal== | ||
'''Goldenseal: An herbal antibacterial agent and digestive''' | |||
*Source:http://www.clinicaladvisor.com/alternative-meds-update/goldenseal-an-herbal-antibacterial-agent-and-digestive/article/221709/ | |||
:(Clinical Advisor) | |||
Goldenseal, one of the most popular herbs in the United States today, is used as a base in many herbal preparations. Also known as yellow root, ground raspberry, or Indian turmeric, goldenseal is credited with a number of different medicinal properties. It is typically associated with supposed anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. | |||
The plant grows in the wilds of southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States, and is a perennial with a thick, yellow root characterized by knoblike sections and hairlike root fibers. | |||
:Background
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Native goldenseal has actually been overharvested in the United States to the point that it is listed as an endangered species by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, an organization dedicated to ensuring that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.2 Today, commercial growers supply the bulk of the plant products for use in supplements, with most production originating from the area of the Blue Ridge Mountains. | |||
Goldenseal is a member of the buttercup family and appears as a purple-stemmed, fuzzy plant with pointed, saw-tooth-edged leaves.3 These dark-green hairy leaves bear a single white flower that yields a late summer fruit resembling a raspberry. | |||
In spite of its widespread use as a medicinal herb, goldenseal is frequently used as an additive to other herbal mixtures because of its synergistic effects.3 The primary active ingredients in goldenseal are the alkaloids hydrastine and berberine, which function primarily as anticholinergics and antioxidants. | |||
:Science
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Goldenseal is most commonly used as an antibacterial agent and an aid to digestion.3 One interesting bench trial examined the antimicrobial effect of goldenseal on cell cultures of Helicobacter pylori, the bacterium known to induce duodenal ulcers. The extract of goldenseal rhizomes showed a robust in vitro mean inhibitory concentration of 12.5 mg/mL in all of the 15 strains of the bacterium cell lines.
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One hypothesis regarding goldenseal's efficacy against bacterial infection is that it blocks the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from the macrophages in the system, thereby reducing the symptoms and longevity of the infection. In a study of goldenseal extract with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-12 was inhibited in a dose-dependent curve. | |||
Goldenseal extract was measured against cultured cell lines of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sanguis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.6 Each bacterium was subjected to direct exposure to the goldenseal extract. The measured "killing time" and mean inhibitory concentration values supported
goldenseal's antibacterial claims. | |||
Another study explored goldenseal's antioxidant activity as it applied to cholesterol. In an in vivo study with rats, all rats were given a high-cholesterol diet and then randomly assigned to either placebo treatment or goldenseal treatment. At the end of the 24-day treatment period, serum lipid levels in both groups of rats were examined. The goldenseal cohort showed a total cholesterol reduction of more than 31%, a 25% drop in LDL, and nearly a 33% decrease in triglycerides. | |||
Goldenseal is being evaluated for its potential use in the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD). Chinese researchers recently explored goldenseal's potential to slow the progressive degeneration associated with AD.8 Berberine, an active ingredient in goldenseal, is a natural isoquinolone alkaloid with a wide range of pharmacologic effects. In this new study, berberine was reviewed for its antioxidant properties as well as for its activities as an acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, a beta-amyloidal peptide blocker and a cholesterol-lowering agent.8 All of this suggests that berberine may act as a promising multipotent agent to combat AD. | |||
:Safety, interactions
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Toxicity from goldenseal has been reported. The lethal dose of the berberine isolate is thought to be 27.5 mg/kg.1 Goldenseal is not recommended for use in pregnant or nursing women or in children.2 Patients using warfarin or cardiac glycosides should also avoid using goldenseal. | |||
:Dosage and cost
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Recommended doses of the extract are 250 mg by mouth three times daily, or 0.5 to 1.0 g, three times daily for the dried rhizome powder-filled capsules for short periods of time. The powder-filled capsules, used to treat such minor illnesses as respiratory infections, are not recommended for use longer than a period of 14 days.1 The total cost varies depending on the dose concentration, but a typical month's supply of goldenseal ranges from $20 to $30.
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Summary
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The use of goldenseal as an adjunctive therapy is safe in appropriate patient groups. As long as proper dosing guidelines and safety issues are addressed, health-care providers may find the short-term use of goldenseal a reasonable recommendation. | |||
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'''Health Benefits of Echinacea & Goldenseal''' | '''Health Benefits of Echinacea & Goldenseal''' | ||
*Source:http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/vitamins-minerals/the-benefits-of-echinacea.html | *Source:http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/vitamins-minerals/the-benefits-of-echinacea.html | ||