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Astragalus
Astragalus: The medicinal herb Astragalus as an alternative herbal remedy to enhance the immune system - Native to China, astragalus has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. A whole medical system that originated in China. It is based on the concept that disease results from disruption in the flow of qi and imbalance in the forces of yin and yang. Practices such as herbs, meditation, massage, and acupuncture seek to aid healing by restoring the yin-yang balance and the flow of qi.. In the United States, the herb gained popularity in the 1980s.Common Name--astragalus, bei qi (In traditional Chinese medicine, the vital energy or life force proposed to regulate a person's spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical health and to be influenced by the opposing forces of yin and yang.), huang qi, ogi, hwanggi, milk vetchLatin Name--Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus mongholicus Picture of Astragalus
Plant Description: Astragalus is a perennial plant, about 16 - 36 inches tall, that is native to the northern and eastern parts of China as well as Mongolia and Korea. It has hairy stems with leaves made up of 12 - 18 pairs of leaflets. The root is the medicinal part, and is usually harvested from 4-year-old plants.
- Huang qi (Astragalus membranaceus) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for many centuries as a natural rejuvenating tonic. Currently, much of the pharmacological research on Astragalus is focused on its benefits for the immune system (Wang DC. "Influence of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) polysaccharide FB on immunologic function of human periphery blood lymphocyte". Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1989;11:180-183). The main constituents of Astragalus membranaceus include polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids and amino acids. (Bombardelli E, Pozzi R. "Polysaccharides with immunomodulating properties from Astragalus membranaceus and pharmaceutical compositions containing them". Eur pat 441278 A1;1994). Astragalus has also been studied for its ability to support lung health. (Niu HR, Lai ZH, Yuan L. "Observation on effect of supplementary treatment by Astragalus injection in treating senile pulmonary tuberculosis patients".
Herbal Remedies and Medicinal Cures for Diseases, Ailments & Illnesses that afflict Humans and Animals
Aloe Vera •
Astragalus •
Bankoro •
Bilberry •
Bitter Gourd (Ampalaya) •
Bitter Orange •
Black Cohosh •
Cat's Claw •
Chamomile •
Chasteberry •
Coconut •
Cranberry •
Dandelion •
Echinacea •
Ephedra •
European Elder Tree •
Evening Primrose •
Fenugreek •
Feverfew •
Flaxseed •
Garlic •
Ginger •
Ginkgo •
Ginseng (Asian) •
Golden Seal •
Grape Seed •
Green Tea •
Hawthorn •
Hoodia •
Horse Chestnut •
Kava •
Lavender •
Licorice •
Malunggay Moringa Oleifera •
Milk Thistle •
Mistletoe •
Passion Flower •
Peppermint Oil •
Red Clover •
Ringworm Bush (Akapulko) – Cassia alata •
Saw Palmetto •
St. John's Wort •
Tawa Tawa •
Turmeric •
Valerian •
Yohimbe •
accept the bitter to get better
 Astragalus plant | |||
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 Astragalus Roots |
What Astragalus Is Used For
- Herbal remedy to boost immune system. Historically, astragalus has been used in traditional Chinese medicine, usually in combination with other herbs, to support and enhance the immune system. It is still widely used in China for chronic hepatitis and as an adjunctive therapy in cancer.
- It is a very useful protector of adrenal cortical function and regulates blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
- It is also used to prevent and treat common colds and upper respiratory infections.
- Astragalus has also been used for heart disease.
- Recent research confirms the positive effect of Astragalus on immune functioning and its ability to help the body fight against disease.
- Astragalus membranaceous (Huang Qi) has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for many centuries as a natural rejuvenator tonic. Currently, much of the pharmacological research on Astragalus is focused on its immune-stimulating polysaccharides and other active ingredients useful in treating immune deficiency conditions.
How Astragalus Is Used
- The root of the astragalus plant is typically used in soups, teas, extracts, or capsules. Astragalus is generally used with other herbs, such as ginseng, angelica, and licorice.
- Use the herb in tea to improve immunity or to reduce symptoms of an existing cold or flu. Use 1 tbsp. of the dried herb and steep in warm water.
- Reduce the chance of stress on the immune system and the overall health by taking Astragalus supplements in the colder months, since stress from daily life can break down the immune system and cause more sever illness.
Herbal Remedy Products with Astragalus as part of the ingredients
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What the Science Says about Astragalus
- The evidence for using astragalus for any health condition is limited. Results from small or preliminary studies suggest that astragalus may benefit heart function and help the immune system fight infections.
- A few studies have shown potential benefits for using astragalus--in combination with another herb, glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum)--as an adjunctive therapy for cancer. In general, however, these studies were not well designed.
- NCCAM-funded investigators are studying the effects of astragalus on the body, particularly on the immune system.
Side Effects and Cautions about Astragalus
- Astragalus is considered safe for most adults. Its possible side effects are not well known because astragalus is generally used in combination with other herbs.
- Astragalus may interact with medications that suppress the immune system, such as the drug cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, Neosar) taken by cancer patients and similar drugs taken by organ transplant recipients.
- People should avoid using astragalus species such as "locoweed" that grow in the United States, as these other species may have different effects and side effects.
- Tell your health care providers about any complementary and alternative practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care.
- Astragalus should not be used in cases of acute infections or fevers.
Overview of the Astragalus plant
From the University of Maryland Medical Center
Astragalus ( Astragalus membranaceus) has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years, often in combination with other herbs, to strengthen the body against disease. It contains antioxidants, which protect cells against damage caused by free radicals, byproducts of cellular energy. Astragalus is used to protect and support the immune system, for preventing colds and upper respiratory infections, to lower blood pressure, to treat diabetes, and to protect the liver.
Astragalus has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic (helps eliminate fluid from the body) properties. It is sometimes used topically for wounds. In addition, studies have shown that astragalus has antiviral properties and stimulates the immune system, suggesting that it is indeed effective at preventing colds.
In the United States, researchers have investigated astragalus as a possible treatment for people whose immune systems have been compromised by chemotherapy or radiation. In these studies, astragalus supplements have been shown to speed recovery and extend life expectancy. Research on using astragalus for people with AIDS has produced inconclusive results.
Recent research in China indicates that astragalus may offer antioxidant benefits to people with severe forms of heart disease, relieving symptoms and improving heart function. At low to moderate doses, astragalus has few side effects, although it does interact with a number of other herbs and prescription medications.
The Astragalus Roots
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The dried root is used medicinally. Medicinal Uses and Indications Traditional uses of Astragalus include the treatment of the following: Colds and influenza, Persistent infection, Fever, Multiple allergies, Asthma, Chronic fatigue, Fatigue or lack of appetite associated with, chemotherapy, Anemia, Wounds, Heart disease, Kidney disease, Hepatitis, Stomach ulcers It is also used to treat general digestive disturbances, including diarrhea, gas, and bloating.
China used astragalus root for thousands of years as a tonic herb to strengthen qi –which means to strengthen the body’ life force and protective energy. In the Western world, strengthening qi means to strengthen or bolster the immune system. Astragalus is touted for its ability to give the immune system a powerful boost. It is used to stimulate the immune system, strengthen digestion, and increase metabolic activity. Scientific research has found that astragalus root is effective against several chronic diseases such as diabetes, stomach ulcers, cancer, and high blood pressure. With mild anti bacterial, anti viral and anti inflammatory properties, the herb appears to benefit the immune system and respiratory tracts. Astragalus appears to work by stimulating the immune system. It has antioxidant effects that inhibit free radical production. In the body, free radicals damage cells and are linked to many health problems associated with aging. As an adaptoge with anti oxidant benefits, Astragalus root may well help the body fight the effects of various stresses. It’s also benefit for cancer sufferers, helping to speed recovery after chemotherapy. |
Astragalus Root Available Forms
Astragalus root may be available in a variety of forms:
Tincture (liquid alcohol extract)
Capsules
Injectable forms for use in hospital or clinical settings
Ointments for the skin
How to Take the Astragalus Herb
- Pediatric
- Astragalus may be given to children to support the immune system but should not be used if the child has a fever because, according to Traditional Chinese Medicine, it may make the fever last longer or grow stronger. The dose should be determined by adjusting the recommended adult dose to account for the child's weight. Most herbal dosages for adults are calculated on the basis of a 150 lb (70 kg) adult. Therefore, if the child weighs 50 lb (20 - 25 kg), the appropriate dose of astragalus would be 1/3 of the adult dosage. However, because strengths and concentrations will vary with different preparations, dosages should be determined on an individual basis. Any long-term dosage should be determined by your doctor.
- Adult
- Doses from 1 - 25 g per day are sometimes used. Higher doses may suppress the immune system. Recommended doses are as follows:
- Decoction (strong boiled tea): 3 - 6 g of dried root per 12 oz water, three times per day
- Fluid extract (1:1) in 25% ethanol: 2 - 4 mL three times a day
- Powdered root: 500 - 1,000 mg three or four times per day
- Powdered extract (solid): 100 to 150 mg of a product standardized to 0.5% 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy isoflavone. Note : this chemical is used only as a manufacturing marker, not as a guarantee of potency or effectiveness.
- Ointment: 10% astragalus applied to surface of wound. Do not apply to open wound without your doctor's supervision.
- Tincture (1:5) in 30% ethanol: 3 - 5 mL three times a day
- Precautions
At recommended doses, astragalus has no serious side effects and can generally be used safely. It does interact with other herbs and medications (see " Possible Interactions ")
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, you should talk to your doctor before taking any medication, including herbs.
- Possible Interactions
If you are being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use astragalus without first talking to your health care provider:
Antiviral medications -- Astragalus may increase the effects of some antiviral medications such as acyclovir and interferon.
Drugs that suppress the immune system -- Astragalus may counteract the immune-suppressing effects of cyclophosphamide, a medication used to reduce the chances of rejection in transplant recipients, as well as corticosteroids.
Diabetes medications -- Astragalus may lower blood sugar, making the effects of diabetes drugs stronger.
High blood pressure medication -- Astragalus may lower blood pressure, making the effects of these drugs stronger.
Diuretics (water pills) -- Astragalus is a diuretic and may make the effects of other diuretics stronger.
Anti-coagulants(blood thinners) -- Astragalus may make the effects of these drugs stronger, increasing the risk of bleeding and stroke.
How to grow Astragalus
Astragalus can be grown from seed.
Plant the Seeds: Seeds must first be planted indoors. So, get hold of small two-inch deep peat pots and put in each of these pots, a mixture of potting soil and sand in 2:1 ratio. Place a seed about one inch deep in a small pot. Don't go on a watering spree. Water in such a way that the soil stays moist. It would be best to keep the pot at a place that receives sunlight. Once the seed germinates, and the seedlings are about a couple of inches in height, transfer them into a bigger pot. Handle the plant well, so as to avert any damage to its tender roots. Make sure that you place the plant at a spot that receives ample sunshine. Plant them outdoors in the garden in early spring, only after the danger of frost is gone.
Astragalus is a herbaceous perennial that reaches a height of up to 4 feet, and will produce delicate yellow flowers from midsummer through late fall.
Astragalus prefers partial shade to full sun, and a sandy, well-drained soil. Water moderately.
Astragalus seeds require a 21-day cold period of stratification to promote germination, followed by mild scarification with fine-grade sandpaper. You can begin your stratification in mid to late winter, then start your seeds indoors. This should allow adequate time for your young seedlings to become large and stable enough to transplant outdoors following the first frost in early spring. Before sowing seeds, soak in water for an hour to soften and tamp lightly in to the soil, or cover with a thin layer (1/8-1/4" deep). When transplanting, space plants approximately 15" apart.
News About Astragalus
The Best Soup for a Cold, Recipe Included
- By Kathleen Jade (ND)
Grandma’s cold remedy — chicken noodle soup — may be warming and nourishing, but it’s not the best soup for a cold. An even better soup for colds is one that is actually therapeutic in the medicinal sense. This means it contains proven, immune-boosting foods like medicinal mushrooms (such as maitake and reishi) and astragalus root.
- Astragalus
Astragalus membranaceus is one of the most extensively studied herbal medicines and has been used as part of traditional Chinese medicine to treat infections and other ailments for thousands of years. The dried roots of Astragalus contain compounds that possess immune-modulating, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties, among others. Astragalus and herbal formulas that contain it can prevent upper respiratory infections in people whose immune systems aren’t functioning optimally.
Astragalus has firm, fibrous roots that are light yellow in color and have a sweet, pleasant taste. Dried astragalus root can be purchased in long slices, small pieces, or as a powder. The type most often used in soups is the sliced, dried root which is typically added to soups during cooking and then removed before eating. Since the bioactive compounds in astragalus are soluble in water, they are extracted into the broth while the soup is cooking.
- Medicinal Mushrooms for Immune Enhancement
Of the approximately 130 healing actions of medicinal mushrooms, they are perhaps best known for their ability to boost immune function. Even white button mushrooms, the most commonly eaten variety, enhance immune function.
But certain mushrooms have more potent immune-modulating activities. The medicinal mushrooms with the most powerful effects on immune function include:
- • Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)
- • Maitake (Grifola frondosa)
- • Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)
- • Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus)
- • Turkey tail (Coriolus versicolor)
In addition to improving a number of aspects of immune function, some of these medicinal mushrooms, like reishi, have antimicrobial actions, especially against viruses.
Both fresh and dried mushrooms can be used for soups. Some medicinal mushrooms, like reishi, are difficult to find fresh (unless you grow them yourself). Plus, reishi are tough and therefore you’ll likely want to take them out of the soup before you eat it. Others, like shiitake, are more widely available in their fresh form for culinary use and are delicious to eat as part of the soup.
You can find dried mushrooms and organically-grown, dried, sliced astragalus root for sale online. Many western herbalists, acupuncturists, and traditional Chinese medicine practitioners carry dried astragalus root in their dispensaries.
The best soup for a cold is one that contains fresh or dried versions of these mushrooms along with astragalus and other immune boosting foods like garlic and ginger. Try the chicken soup recipe below, and feel free to add or adapt it to your liking.
- Chicken Soup Recipe for a Cold
Ingredients:
- • 5 pounds organic chicken (If using a whole chicken, remove chicken meat just after stock is brought to boil and reserve.)
- • 12 cups fresh water
- • 3 carrots, cut into thirds
- • 2 parsnips, quartered
- • 2 celery stalks, cut into thirds
- • 2 onions, quartered
- • 1 oz astragalus root
- • 2 oz dried medicinal mushrooms of choice
- • 3 bay leaves
- • 1 to 2 tsp sea salt
Instructions:
1. Bring all ingredients to a boil. Skim the top layer of the stock and discard. Then cover and simmer for at least 2-1/2 to 3 hours. Strain and keep stock. Discard veggies, astragalus, mushrooms, and chicken carcass.
2. To the homemade chicken broth, add:
•Reserved chicken
- • 2 oz. dried shiitake mushrooms (or fresh, if available)
- • 2 inches grated ginger root
- • 6 to 8 cloves garlic, crushed
- • Additional vegetables and grains as desired
3. Simmer 15 to 30 minutes, or until all ingredients are tender. Serve immediately. Eat throughout the cold and flu season and up to three times per day during active upper respiratory infections.
4. Another key element of preventing and treating colds is keeping your immune system in top shape by following healthy living practices.
Health Benefits of Astragalus (Astragalus Membranaceus Root) for Anti-Aging and More
- By Jon Yaneff (CNP)
Astragalus root is one of the most efficient anti-aging herbal remedies. Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) root has a long-standing relationship in traditional Chinese medicine for treating energy deficiency and digestive disorders of the spleen and lungs.
The herbal remedy is also known by its Chinese name huang qi, which translates as milk-vetch root. Astragalus root has been used for centuries, and it can help treat a variety of health problems, including blood disorders, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), cancer, diabetes, and respiratory infections such as asthma or bronchitis.
Astragalus is a popular adaptogenic herb. This means it can improve your energy by helping the body adapt to stress and resist disease. The herb is also a great immune system stimulant, and it can help prevent and treat a sore throat and a common cold. It is also used for radiation and chemotherapy support, fatigue, chronic diarrhea, hepatitis, and heart function.
- How Does Astragalus Work?
Why is astragalus root an anti-aging herbal remedy? The anti-aging effect of astragalus root can be attributed to a particular chemical that activates the enzyme telomerase (hTERT).
Think of your DNA like a shoelace, and your telomeres are the plastic caps at the end, which keep your shoelaces from unraveling. The telomeres help protect your DNA during the replication process. When you age, the telomeres shorten, which increases the lifespan of your DNA. The telomerase will protect the telomeres by increasing their length. Telomerase is often deactivated in adult cells; however, telomerase is active in sperm and egg cells, immune cells, and malignant cancer cells. The activation of telomerase can also stimulate additional telomere production.
In traditional Chinese medicine, astragalus root will relieve spleen-deficient symptoms like appetite loss, fatigue, and diarrhea. It does this by increasing yang qi of the spleen and stomach. The root of astragalus will tonify the blood and protective qi called wei qi. It also contains other active constituents such as astragalosides, saponins, flavonoids, beta-sitosterol, selenium, and polysaccharides. The most notable polysaccharides in astragalus include astragaloside IV, calycosin, and formononetin, which help reduce inflammation and improve immunity. By nature, astragalus has a warming effect and it is sweet tasting.
- The Ancient Health Benefits of Astragalus
There is also evidence to back up the anti-aging effects of astragalus root. In a mouse study published in the journal Aging Cell, researchers from Spain showed that the activation of telomerase from astragalus root helped increase telomere length and decreased the amount of short telomeres overall. The study found that astragalus root improved various factors linked with aging, such as osteoporosis, skin health, and glucose tolerance.
Besides the anti-aging activity of astragalus root, the herb has a variety of other health benefits. The following are a few of the best health benefits of astragalus root extract:
1. Immune support
Most notably, the astragaloside IV, calycosin, and formononetin help activate pathways and other genes, which help with immune cell activity. Studies have shown that astragalus root can stimulate the immune system in several ways by improving T cell activity, enhancing the phagocytic activity of macrophages and monocytes, increasing natural killer cell activity, and increasing the potency of the herb’s other antiviral properties.
2. Upper respiratory infections
Astragalus root is considered an effective treatment for acute and chronic bronchitis by strengthening weakened lungs and preventing upper respiratory infections that trigger asthma. The astragaloside, saponins, and flavonoids found in astragalus are thought to be involved to treat and prevent upper respiratory infections such as asthma, bronchitis, tracheitis, laryngitis, sore throats, and the common cold.
3. Chronic hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis is liver inflammation that lasts a minimum of six months; it is commonly caused by hepatitis B or C viruses, as well as certain drugs. A study published in the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in 2000 found that a supplementation with astragalus root could effectively treat liver fibrosis of chronic hepatitis B patients. Another study published in the Chinese Journal of Hepatology in 2005 found that injecting an astragalus solution could inhibit experimental hepatic fibrogenesis possibly due to its antioxidant activity.
4. Cancer
Astragalus can help complement cancer treatment by reducing fatigue. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study published in the journal Clinical Investigative Medicine in 2012, researchers found that Astragalus membranaceus root extract could safely treat cancer-related fatigue in patients with advanced cancer.
The patients were treated with astragalus root extract for a two-month period. After the first month, about 82% of the cancer patients had increased energy. In those who hadn’t shown improvement in the first treatment, around 71% showed signs of energy improvement after the second treatment. Astragalus is also used in combination with other herbs like glossy privet for the treatment of lung cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer. It is also safely used in conjunction with other cancer treatments like radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery.
5. Diabetes
Astragalus root is considered an effective remedy for diabetics since it exhibits improved blood sugar control. The polysaccharides in astragalus are thought to benefit those with diabetes. In particular, the active polysaccharide component of astragalus root extract is called astragalus polysaccharide (APS).
In an eight-week rat study published in the journal Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, researchers found that APS extract reduced blood glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity by activating the enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
- Other health benefits of astragalus:
Astragalus is also used to treat fibromyalgia, arthritis, kidney disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, anemia, seasonal allergies, diarrhea, ulcers, nervous conditions, wound healing, hemorrhaging, blood disorders, HIV/AIDS, heart disease, and high blood pressure.
- Is It Safe to Use Astragalus?
When trying new herbal remedies, there is often concern whether they are safe to use. That being said, astragalus is considered relatively safe for most adults. On the other hand, dosages of more than 28 grams may interfere with immune activity, and those taking immune-suppressing drugs should avoid astragalus. People with autoimmune diseases are not advised to use astragalus root, including those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Astragalus root should also be avoided in breastfeeding or pregnant women. A component in astragalus called astragaloside IV has been found to produce maternal toxicity and other fetal toxic events. Scientific evidence shows that toxic astragalus species have led to abnormal heart development and abortions during animal pregnancies. The herb is also thought to increase lactation.
There are also some drug interactions associated with astragalus root. For example, since astragalus may lower blood sugar levels caution should be used while using the herb with blood sugar-lowering drugs. Astragalus should also be avoided with drugs that increase bleeding like blood thinners, aspirin, naproxen, anti-platelet drugs, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Astragalus may also interact with blood pressure drugs, drugs with estrogen-like properties, and drugs for arthritis, obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, and anxiety. Other interactions with astragalus include lithium, cyclophosphamide, and diuretics.
- What Is the Best Astragalus Dosage?
What is the proper astragalus root dosage? The best astragalus root dosage will depend on your age, weight, and the health condition being treated. It is a good idea to work with your doctor or herbalist to help determine the most effective and safest astragalus root dosage; however, there are certain dosage recommendation guidelines regarding the herb:
- • For standardized astragalus extract, take 250 milligrams to 500 milligrams, three to four times per day.
- • In a tea, the recommended dosage requires you to boil three to six grams of dried astragalus root in 12 ounces of water, three times each day.
- • Astragalus root tinctures often contain 30% ethanol. The best dosage is 20 to 60 drops, three times daily.
- Side Effects and Warnings Associated with Astragalus
Although there are many astragalus health benefits, there are a few side effects or warnings linked with the herb. The following are some side effects or warnings linked with astragalus root:
- • Astragalus should not be used if you have a fever.
- • Caution should be implemented as astragalus may increase the risk of bleeding in those with bleeding disorders.
- • Caution should also be used in people with high blood pressure, neurological disorders, skin conditions, musculoskeletal disorders, and gastrointestinal conditions.
- • Some holistic health practitioners avoid recommending the long-term use of a single adaptogenic herb. Astragalus should be taken in rotation with other adaptogens.
- • It is also possible that the side effects associated with astragalus root are not well understood since it is often used in combination with other herbs.
- Where Do I Find Astragalus?
How do you get astragalus health benefits? Well, astragalus root extract comes in several forms, including standardized and non-standardized tablets and capsules, dried astragalus root slices, astragalus root teas, astragalus root extract liquid tinctures, and topical astragalus skin creams. Astragalus root extract has also been injected in clinical or hospital scenarios in Asia.
Astragalus root is found in Chinese grocery stores and health food stores. You can also find astragalus root in the offices of some herbalists and traditional Chinese medicine practitioners.
Astragalus: Chinese medicinal herb enlisted in fight against allergic rhinitis
- By Tan Shiow Chin
A herb long used in traditional Chinese medicine for diabetes has been recently proven effective for allergic rhinitis, with some even touting the plant as a 'superfood'.
Take a look around you, is there someone you know who has symptoms of allergies?
This might be in the form of allergic rhinitis — runny and/or blocked nose, watery eyes and sneezing; food allergies — itching, rashes, and even, difficulty breathing, upon consumption of the trigger food; eczema or contact dermatitis — itchy, red skin rashes; and allergic asthma — difficulty breathing upon exposure to the allergen, among others.
There is a pretty good chance that you know one or more persons who have some form of allergy, or even have allergies yourself, as the Malaysian Society of Allergy and Immunology estimates that one in three Malaysians suffer from some sort of allergy.
In fact, allergies are a rising medical trend both globally and locally. Experts predict that if the present trend continues, around half the country's will be affected by ailments caused by allergies by 2020.
While allergies are unlikely to be fatal for most sufferers, they do seriously affect quality of life. This is especially so for those who are allergic to substances that are commonly found in the environment, like dust mites, pet dander and pollen.
According to Croatian medical doctor and researcher Dr Silva Pecanic, the current goals of allergic rhinitis management is to improve quality of life and minimise side effects from treatment.
“There are three main methods of management. First, of course, is the allergen avoidance. But this requires a lot of education of the patient, a lot of discipline, habit changes, and is quite restrictive,” she says, noting that when one family member has an allergy, the entire family usually suffers along as well.
“The other method is pharmacotherapy. Current pharmacotherapy includes nasal steroids, which have a lot of side effects like dryness, and after long-term use, leads to thinning of the nasal mucosa, making it prone to bleeding or infections. There are also a lot of side effects for antihistamines, which are often used to decrease allergy symptoms, like dryness, drowsiness, dizziness, and sometimes, trouble urinating,” she says.
The third method of treatment is with leukotriene inhibitors. However, Dr Pecanic notes that the US Food and Drug Administration has updated the precautions on this group of drugs to include warnings on reported adverse neuropsychiatric side effects like agitation, aggression, problems sleeping, hallucinations and suicidal thoughts.
She says: “All these treatments are directed at the final symptoms — after the histamine attack. And all these patients usually change their therapy because they are never fully satisfied with their medication — changing from one antihistamine to another, and the nasal steroids and the nasal decongestants.”
- Regulating allergy genes
Dr Pecanic, who is currently the Regulatory Department head of the South-East European Croatian-based health supplements and non-prescription drugs company Milsing, was in town recently to speak about a new allergy treatment based on the herb Astragalus membranaceus.
Also known as huang qi, bei qi or huang hu huang qi in Chinese, the dried root of A. membranaceus has actually been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. Its primary function in TCM is as an energising tonic and boosting the immune system, as well as treating diabetes.
It is this last function that led a group of researchers at the Ruder Bokovic Institute in Zagreb, Croatia, to take a deeper look at the root of this herb 14 years ago.
Milsing Product Development head and pharmacist Iva Martic shares: “During the research, they discovered that the activated root extract of A. membranaceus substantially influences some of the genes which are involved in the inflammatory reaction.
“After that, they performed a series of tests, and animal and clinical trials, to show that it does affect more than 20 genes involved in the inflammatory process.”
In was at this stage in 2003 that Milsing, which develops such products commercially, got involved.
According to Martic, their research showed that the activated root extract of A. membranaceus helps to regulate the genes involved in the Th1 (Type 1 helper T cell) pathway. (See What are helper T cells?)
Increased activity of this pathway helps balances out the Th2 (Type 2 helper T cell) pathway, which is the one responsible for releasing histamine and other inflammatory chemical mediators that cause allergy symptoms.
- Providing effective relief
In 2007, Dr Pecanic and her colleagues conducted a randomised, double-blind clinical trial at the University Hospital Dubrava in Zagreb. The results were published in Phytotherapy Research in 2010.
Forty-eight patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomly put into two groups for the six weeks of the trial. Two-thirds of them received the activated root extract of A. membranaceus, while one-third received a placebo. No other pharmacological treatment for allergies was allowed.
According to Dr Pecanic, participants on the root extract showed significant improvement for rhinorrhoea (runny nose) after three weeks on treatment, and itching or burning eyes after six weeks, compared to those on the placebo.
In addition, subjective evaluations on treatment efficacy from patients and doctors respectively both showed an agreement that the root extract was significantly more effective than the placebo.
She adds: “There were very few adverse reactions, and all of them were actually symptoms from the allergy. The conclusion was that there were no adverse reactions related to the root extract.”
While the treatment for the clinical trial was administered at the start of the allergy season, Dr Pecanic says that the treatment works best when begun a month before exposure to the allergen or allergy season (for example, spring in temperate countries when pollen starts to spread), as a preventive measure.
Patients need to take the treatment as long as there is risk of exposure to the allergen.
However, those who have perennial or constant allergies can also start the treatment at any time, as then, it will work to reduce the symptoms they are already suffering from. They would need to take a stronger dose of the root extract until their symptoms subside, whereupon they can continue with the maintenance dose until they are no longer at risk of being exposed to the allergen.
Dr Pecanic says that it takes up to about a week in such patients for the treatment to start showing effect. She adds that they can also combine the root extract with their usual pharmacologic treatments for symptom relief.
Although patients will probably have to continue taking the root extract for as long as they have allergies, which is usually lifelong, Dr Pecanic notes: “It is a natural product; it does not have side effects. And it is much better to take such products than drugs with side effects. It is safe.”
The Many Benefits of the Immune-Boosting Root Astragalus
- By Christina Sarich
In a world full of toxins from oil spills, the spoils of war, chemtrails, GMO, and numerous other environmental toxins, it behooves us to boost our immunity in as many ways as possible. Reducing stress levels and getting enough sleep are a great way to start, but there are some great natural herbs that can boost our natural immune response, and one of them is the Chinese herb astragalus.
Known as Huang Qi in Chinese medicine, astragalus root has long been used by Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners as a general tonic, to strengthen and energize the body, to help resolve colds and upper respiratory infections, and to strengthen and regulate the immune system. It is among the most widely used herbs in Chinese Medicine and has recently garnered the interest of western science for its potential to boost immunity and lessen side effects of chemotherapy.
It stimulates the immune system but also supports numerous internal organs, including the spleen, liver, lungs, respiratory system, circulatory system and urinary system. You could call astragalus an overall body tonic.
According to a University of Maryland study, astragalus is very effective in treating the number one cause of the death in the US, too – heart disease. Additionally, the root may be a sound solution for issues like cancer and diabete. It has antiviral properties, as well as energy boosting qualities. It is also an adaptogen – which means it adapts to support your body in whatever way it needs.
Astragalus has all of these other amazing ways to support our health as well – here are some astragalus benefits:
- • Reduces cardiovascular disease
- • Supports healing from chronic viral hepatitis
- • Antibacterial qualities makes it great for healing the common cold or flu
- • Can be used as a topical remedy for healing open sores or wounds
- • May help an athlete to utilize oxygen better, thereby helping recovery after workouts and supporting energy levels during them
- • Helpful in the treatment of diabetes
- • Lessens asthmatic symptoms
- • Free radical protection
- • Slows aging process
- • Helpful in treating kidney disease
- • Treats Anemia
- • Lessens seasonal allergies
Adults can take just 200-500 mg of Astragalus three times a day to receive the most benefits. It has no known side effects.
Astragalus is an Ancient Plant Root that Boosts Immunity
- (The Alternative Daily)
Astragalus, also known as ogi, milk-vetch root and Huang Qi, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Only in recent years has Western medicine been catching on to the many health-promoting characteristics of this root, including its significant ability to support the immune system.
Scientifically known as Astragalus membranaceus, the astragalus plant is a member of the pea family. In China, the root is used as a warming tonic, and is thought to build up protective qi, therefore warding away infections.
Traditional Chinese medicine employs astragalus, alone or in combination with other herbs, for improving energy, stimulating the immune system, treating liver, heart and kidney conditions, battling cancers and viral infections, and promoting longevity.
This root also contains the minerals copper, iron, manganese, potassium and zinc, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral properties, and is also considered an adaptogen (helps the body to balance itself) and a diuretic. Other traditional uses for astragalus include the treatments of hypertension, fatigue, asthma and anemia.
A clinical review of three Chinese herbs, one of which was astragalus, was published in 1998 in the journal Alternative Medicine Review. Regarding astragalus, the author of this review, Stephen Sinclair, ND, LAc, writes, “currently, much of the pharmacological research is focused on its immune-stimulating polysaccharides and other active ingredients from the plant, useful in treating immune deficiency conditions.”
Sinclair goes on to mention an in vitro study in which the effects of astragalus were tested against renal carcinoma cells. Results of the experiment showed that the astragalus strengthened a certain class of immune cells (lymphokine-activated killer cells, also known as LAK) ten-fold against the invading cancer cells.
Dr. Oz reports on other recent research that has found that compounds in astragalus can activate an enzyme known as telomerase (hTERT), which works to lengthen telomeres. Telomeres are parts of DNA which work to protect and in essence expand the DNA’s longevity. Telomeres generally shorten as we age, and astragalus compounds were found to lengthen them in lab studies.
While more research needs to be done on astragalus, the ancients have been harnessing its power for generations. It has great promise in immune-system stimulation, and may help the body to fight off colds, flus and other infections. Some research is finding it may even have promise against retroviral conditions such as HIV and AIDS. Some herbalists also recommend it for seasonal allergies.
Astragalus root is sweet-tasting, and can be found in dried root slices, powders and teas, as well as in tinctures and capsules. Always make sure that you choose organic, minimally-processed astragalus from a source that you trust, to avoid chemical processing agents. In traditional Chinese medicine, the roots are sometimes roasted in Chinese Herbal honey, and can also be added to recipes.
Note: Astragalus may interact with certain medications, so make sure you talk to a naturopathic practitioner before starting to use it. It may also have negative effects for those with bleeding disorders, and should not be used while pregnant or breastfeeding. A natural health professional can help you determine whether this potent root is right for you, as well as the amount to use for your individual needs.
Astragalus Extract May Strengthen Immune Response to HIV
- (POZ)
An extract from a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine may help protect the genes of immune system cells and, as a result, enhance their ability to fight HIV, according to a new study announced by the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and published in The Journal of Immunology.
When cells reproduce, their DNA gets capped at the ends by long repeated strands of genes called telomeres. Telomeres protect the genes, much like the plastic tips on the ends of shoelaces. Unfortunately, telomeres get shorter every time a cell reproduces, which ultimately causes the cells to become “exhausted” and to stop functioning properly. This occurs naturally as a person ages, but more rapidly in the HIV-fighting CD4 and CD8 cells of people with HIV.
One of the lead researchers in telomeres and HIV, Rita Effros, PhD, and her colleague Steven Russell Fauce, PhD, of the department of pathology at UCLA, had experimented with gene therapy as a way to keep telomeres from shortening. But ultimately the researchers turned to what could potentially be a much less expensive method: an extract from the medicinal plant astragalus.
According to Effros and Fauce, the extract, TAT2, keeps an enzyme called telomerase turned on. CD4s and CD8s can naturally produce telomerase, which helps keep telomeres from shortening, but only for so long. After a cell has divided too many times, the telomerase gene turns off.
In test tube experiments, Effros and Fauce exposed CD4 and CD8 cells collected from HIV-positive patients to TAT2. Not only did the substance slow the shortening of the cells' telomeres, but it also increased the cells' production of proteins known to inhibit HIV replication.
While studies of TAT2 have not yet been conducted in people, the authors believe the strategy “could be useful in treating HIV disease, as well as immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to other viral infections associated with chronic diseases or aging.”
Astragalus root plant chemical used to fight HIV
- (News Medical)
Like other kinds of cells, immune cells lose the ability to divide as they age because a part of their chromosomes known as a telomere becomes progressively shorter with cell division.
As a result, the cell changes in many ways, and its disease fighting ability is compromised.
But a new UCLA AIDS Institute study has found that a chemical from the Astragalus root, frequently used in Chinese herbal therapy, can prevent or slow this progressive telomere shortening, which could make it a key weapon in the fight against HIV.
"This has the potential to be either added to or possibly even replace the HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy), which is not tolerated well by some patients and is also costly," said study co-author Rita Effros, a professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and member of the UCLA AIDS Institute.
The study, to be published in the Nov. 15 print edition of the Journal of Immunology , is available online at http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/full/181/10/7400.
A telomere is a region at the end of every cell chromosome that contains repeated DNA sequences but no genes; telomeres act to protect the ends of the chromosomes and prevent them from fusing together - rather like the plastic tips that keep shoelaces from unraveling. Each time a cell divides, the telomeres get shorter, eventually causing the cell to reach a stage called replicative senescence, when it can no longer divide. This seems to indicate that the cell has reached an end stage, but, in fact, the cell has changed into one with new genetic and functional characteristics.
A great deal of cell division must take place within the immune system for the system to function properly. For example, the so-called "killer" CD8 T-cells that help fight infection have unique receptors for particular antigens. When a virus enters the body, the killer T-cells whose receptors recognize that virus create, through division, versions of themselves that fight the invader.
Generally, the telomeres in cells are sufficiently long that they can divide many times without a problem. Moreover, when fighting infections, T-cells can turn on an enzyme called telomerase, which can prevent the telomeres from shortening.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Magic: Astragalus
- By Sol Orwell
Astragalus Membranaceus (henceforth, AM) is a weird plant, to speak of it both scientifically and historically. A multipurpose superstar – if the anecdotes can be backed up.
Historically, AM is a component of traditional Chinese and Kampo (Japanese) medicine. What makes it weird is that it is not just one ‘elixir’, but appears to be a component of a very large variety of different mixtures of herbs for many purposes. It is uncommon to find herbs with such widespread usage; usually they are just used for a few purposes and then just shelved for those specific times.
Scientifically, the composition of the herb is weird. It has a steroidal saponin content that is unique to Astragalus (Astragalosides 1 through 7, in which number 4 is sometimes seen as the main component) and the flavonoids, which are present in almost every plant, are also fairly unique to Astragalus. AM has a few flavonoids (formononectin, calycosin) that are not commonly seen in other places.
Basically, AM is not like a normal herb. It is quite different. Is this difference good or bad? That is where the human evidence and animal models come in.
As for the actual intervention research, AM is currently in the phases of validating its panacea state. There has historically been many studies using injections of AM and seeing almost idealistic and perfect effects from it, being able to reduce blood sugar and protect the heart while repairing the kidneys and fighting inflammation and oxidation. AM is still being investigated for whether or not it serves a role in hospital settings to pump into an IV tube for people post-surgery to protect the kidneys.
Do these benefits correlate with oral ingestion of tablets or herbs? We are not sure due to a lack of oral ingestion studies. This is an important distinction, as the main compound noted above (Astragalus IV) has a bioavailability of about 1-2%, meaning that is the amount of compound that goes into your mouth that actually gets absorbed. By taking 10mg Astragalus IV, 0.1-0.2mg will circulate in your blood and the rest will leave in the toilet. This is an unavoidable consequence of oral ingestion, but it means we cannot just take injection studies and assume them true for us.
I’ve personally used some Astragalus in the past few days, as a test of sorts. I am dosing it at 10-15g daily in an attempt to override this poor absorption (if you look at many pills, they are sold at 500mg) and I have read a case study where a kidney inflammatory disorder was outright healed at 15g daily; although not a practical dose (guzzling 20-30 pills a day is no fun), it appears safe.
Taste-wise, AM root extract is slightly sweetened sawdust. Not adverse, but quite “meh” on its own. It goes down easy, and a bit easier in a protein shake or something.
I cannot back up this paragraph with science, but I feel that Astragalus is able to potentiate the effects of stimulants. The amount of times I spontenaously burst into euphoric dances or otherwise just had silly happy moments has outright doubled, but I believe this is due to some other compounds I am ingesting (L-tyrosine, caffeine) and Astragalus is merely increasing the frequency. If taking AM by itself, I am not sure I would have these effects.
The anti-inflammatory effects are real, and my workouts cannot really make me sore anymore. That is a nice side effect. I cannot speak on any health parameter as I cannot measure that.
Some bullet points on the pros and cons of AM supplementation:
Pros:
- Aside from a possible adverse interactions with pharmaceuticals (the same thing that St.John’s Wort does), there does not appear to be any other known harm with AM supplementation
- If it gets into your blood, it appears to exert panacea-like effects on the parameters for which it is highly studied (cardiovascular and blood health, blood glucose control, inflammation, kidney protection, etc). It is not the most potent in any of these regards, but works beneficially on them all
- Rare for a herb, but it doesn’t taste bad (it is a general rule of thumb that herbal supplements, in powder form, taste horrible)
Cons:
- Lack of human studies which we can apply to our daily lives and oral ingestion. We can only extrapolate from animal studies and injection studies which, although they provide info, must be taken with a grain of salt
- The effective dose appears to be far greater than what is commonly sold as supplements, measured in grams (1-5g at a low dose, up to 15g for high doses)
- There are some avenues that have not been explored, such as AM and its effects on testosterone and muscle mass or body fat. Unknown as to whether there are good, bad, or no effects on these parameters.
When more studies come up, they will be added to Examine’s page on astragalus membranaceus as to keep the page reliable. Until then, AM can either be an adventure or good table talk.
AIDS Breakthrough: Astragalus Root Could Replace HIV Drugs
- By Sherry Baker (Health Sciences Editor)
(NaturalNews) Could an herbal therapy that's been used for centuries in Chinese medicine to strengthen the immune system hold the key to an effective treatment for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, better known as AIDS? A new study by scientists at the UCLA AIDS Institute says that's possible.
The research, set to be published in the Journal of Immunology November 15th (available on-line now at http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/full/181...), concludes astragalus root contains a substance that could make it a powerful weapon in the fight against the HIV virus that causes AIDS. "This has the potential to be either added to or possibly even replace the HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy), which is not tolerated well by some patients and is also costly," co-author Rita Effros, a professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and member of the UCLA AIDS Institute, said in a press statement.
So what specifically appears to make astragalus effective in treating HIV infection? The key finding in the UCLA study shows a substance in the herbal therapy prevents or slows down the progressive shortening of a part of immune system cells called telomeres.
A telomere is a region found at the end of each cell chromosome. It does not contain genes but does contain repeated DNA sequences. As immune cells age, telomeres gets shorter and shorter when the cells divide. Eventually, the cells change, can no longer divide and their ability to fight infections is compromised. This phenomenon is dubbed replicative senescence.
For a strong immune system to function correction, a great deal of cell division has to take place. For example, when a virus invades the body, killer T-cells (known as CD8 T-lymphocytes) have receptors that recognize the invader and begin to create versions of themselves to fight the virus --- through division, they create more and more of an immune system "army" to knock out the virus. In most healthy people, the telomeres in cells are long enough to allow cells to divide many times without a glitch. What's more, T-cells can switch on an enzyme called telomerase to prevent the telomeres from shortening and to boost the ability of the cells to divide.
"The problem is that when we're dealing with a virus that can't be totally eliminated from the body, such as HIV, the T-cells fighting that virus can't keep their telomerase turned on forever. They turn off, and telomeres get shorter and they enter this stage of replicative senescence," Dr. Effros explained in a statement to the press.
Previous studies have shown that injecting the telomerase gene into T-cells can keep the telomeres from shortening so they fight HIV longer than they normally would be able to. However, this complicated and expensive gene therapy isn't a practical way to treat the millions of people infected with the HIV virus. Good news: the current study shows that treatment with a natural substance called TAT2 found in astragalus could be a far better approach.
The reason? Not only did the researchers find that the astragalus-derived TAT2 slowed the shortening of telomeres, but it also boosted the CD8 T-lymphocytes production of soluble factors called chemokines and cytokines. And these substances have been shown in other research to shown to block the replication of the HIV virus.
"The ability to enhance telomerase activity and antiviral functions of CD8 T-lymphocytes suggests that this strategy (using TAT2 from astragalus) could be useful in treating HIV disease, as well as immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to other viral infections associated with chronic diseases or aging," the researchers wrote in their research paper.
According to the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center web site (http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69128.cfm), astragalus has no reported adverse effects. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to support and enhance the immune system and for heart disease. Currently, the herb is widely used in China for chronic hepatitis, colds and upper respiratory infections and as an adjunctive therapy in cancer. The remarkable herbal therapy has also shown promise in animal experiments as a way to prevent dementia.
What Is Astragalus, And Will It Get Rid Of My Cold?
- By Rebecca Zamon (The Huffington Post Canada)
If there's one thing we've learned through combating season after season of run-down immune systems, it's that we are willing to try almost anything to make our bodies feel better. This year, we turning over to astragalus.
Astragalus is a Chinese herb that's been used for centuries to strengthen the body's internal systems, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, and it specifically can help with colds and upper respiratory infections.
In traditional Chinese medicine, herbs are often taken as a group in order to get their best effects, but western medicine has found that it can be just as effective on its own. According to Dr. Weil, the herb is non-toxic and can be used over the long term to increase resistance.
- How To Take It
Astragalus is available in a variety of forms at drugstores and natural food stores, coming in drops and tablets — be sure to follow the dosage recommended on the bottle. The root (which can be boiled in tea and soup) may also be available in Chinese grocery stores, and might be combined with other plants like ligusticum and ginseng. Drugs.com suggests taking it with a full glass of water, and drinking increased liquids while using the herb.
- When To Take It
Though many people believe they should take astragalus when they feel a cold coming on, much like echinacea, in Chinese medicine, it's actually seen as more important to take it when you're healthy in order to prevent illness, according to NYU Medical Center. Astragalus can be taken daily.
- What It Can Help
Besides colds and upper respiratory infections, astragalus has been associated with helping reduce the side effects of chemotherapy, and helping with diabetes. Others have associated the herb with having helped things like hyperthyroidism, insomnia and hepatitis, but more research is needed.
- What Does It Do?
Although there is no exact research on how astragalus works, it seems to stimulate the immune system, as well as bring in antioxidants that inhibit free radical production that is associated with cellular breakdown, according to Web MD.
- Who Can And Can't Use It?
Astragalus is safe for most adults, although as with most medications, pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid it unless otherwise counselled by their doctor. People who have immune disorders, such as Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis and lupus should check with their doctors, as astragalus can make the immune system more active. The same goes for those taking lithium — be sure to speak with a healthcare practitioner before trying anything new.
Pictures of Atragalus
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