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→Geography of New Zealand
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The Polynesian Maori reached New Zealand in about A.D. 800. In 1840, their chieftains entered into a compact with Britain, the Treaty of Waitangi, in which they ceded sovereignty to Queen Victoria while retaining territorial rights. That same year, the British began the first organized colonial settlement. A series of land wars between 1843 and 1872 ended with the defeat of the native peoples. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both world wars. New Zealand's full participation in a number of defense alliances lapsed by the 1980s. In recent years, the government has sought to address longstanding Maori grievances. | The Polynesian Maori reached New Zealand in about A.D. 800. In 1840, their chieftains entered into a compact with Britain, the Treaty of Waitangi, in which they ceded sovereignty to Queen Victoria while retaining territorial rights. That same year, the British began the first organized colonial settlement. A series of land wars between 1843 and 1872 ended with the defeat of the native peoples. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both world wars. New Zealand's full participation in a number of defense alliances lapsed by the 1980s. In recent years, the government has sought to address longstanding Maori grievances. | ||
==[[ | ==Geography of New Zealand== | ||
*Location: Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia | |||
*Geographic coordinates: 41 00 S, 174 00 E | |||
*Map references: Oceania | |||
*Area: | |||
:total: 267,710 sq km | |||
:country comparison to the world: 76 | |||
:land: 267,710 sq km | |||
:water: NA | |||
:note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands | |||
*Area - comparative: | |||
:Area comparison map: | |||
:Land boundaries: 0 km | |||
*Coastline: | |||
:15,134 km | |||
:Maritime claims: | |||
:territorial sea: 12 nm | |||
:contiguous zone: 24 nm | |||
:exclusive economic zone: 200 nm | |||
:continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin | |||
*Climate: temperate with sharp regional contrasts | |||
*Terrain: predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains | |||
*Elevation extremes: | |||
:lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m | |||
:highest point: Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,754 m | |||
*Natural resources: natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone | |||
*Land use: | |||
:arable land: 1.76% | |||
:permanent crops: 0.27% | |||
:other: 97.98% (2011) | |||
*Irrigated land: | |||
:6,193 sq km (2007) | |||
*Total renewable water resources: | |||
:327 cu km (2011) | |||
*Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural): | |||
:total: 4.75 cu km/yr (23%/5%/72%) | |||
:per capita: 1,200 cu m/yr (2010) | |||
*Natural hazards: earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity | |||
*volcanism: significant volcanism on North Island; Ruapehu (elev. 2,797 m), which last erupted in 2007, has a history of large eruptions in the past century; Taranaki has the potential to produce dangerous avalanches and lahars; other historically active volcanoes include Okataina, Raoul Island, Tongariro, and White Island | |||
*Environment - current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by invasive species | |||
*Environment - international agreements: | |||
:party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling | |||
:signed, but not ratified: Antarctic Seals, Marine Life Conservation | |||
:Geography - note: almost 90% of the population lives in cities; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world | |||
'''[[Land of New Zealand]]''' | |||
New Zealand, Maori Aotearoa, island country in the South Pacific Ocean, the southwesternmost part of Polynesia. New Zealand is a remote land—one of the last sizable territories suitable for habitation to be populated and settled—and lies more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southeast of Australia, its nearest neighbour. The country comprises two main islands—the North and South islands—and a number of small islands, some of them hundreds of miles from the main group. The capital city is Wellington and the largest urban area Auckland; both are located on the North Island. New Zealand administers the South Pacific island group of Tokelau and claims a section of the Antarctic continent. Niue and the Cook Islands are self-governing states in free association with New Zealand.--->[[Land of New Zealand|>>>Read More.<<<]] | |||
==Demography of New Zealand== | ==Demography of New Zealand== | ||