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Republic of Niger | Republic of Niger | ||
Geography | Geography of Niger | ||
Area: 1,267,000 sq. km (490,000 sq. mi.); about three times the size of California. | *Area: 1,267,000 sq. km (490,000 sq. mi.); about three times the size of California. | ||
Cities: Capital--Niamey (pop. approx. 1 million). | *Cities: Capital--Niamey (pop. approx. 1 million). | ||
Other cities--Tahoua, Konni, Maradi, Zinder, Diffa, Dosso, Arlit, and Agadez. | *Other cities--Tahoua, Konni, Maradi, Zinder, Diffa, Dosso, Arlit, and Agadez. | ||
Terrain: About two-thirds desert and mountains, one-third savanna. [[Image:niger_africa.jpg|right]] | *Terrain: About two-thirds desert and mountains, one-third savanna. [[Image:niger_africa.jpg|right]] | ||
Climate: Hot, dry, and dusty. Rainy season June - September. | Climate: Hot, dry, and dusty. Rainy season June - September. | ||
Government | Government of Niger | ||
Type: Republic. | *Type: Republic. | ||
Independence: August 3, 1960. | *Independence: August 3, 1960. | ||
Constitution: The constitution of December 26, 1992 was revised by national referendum on May 12, 1996 and again by referendum on July 18, 1999. | *Constitution: The constitution of December 26, 1992 was revised by national referendum on May 12, 1996 and again by referendum on July 18, 1999. | ||
Branches: Executive--president and prime minister. Legislative--unicameral National Assembly (113 MPs). Judicial--Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, High Court of Justice. | *Branches: | ||
Political parties: Seven are represented in the National Assembly. | **Executive--president and prime minister. Legislative--unicameral National Assembly (113 MPs). | ||
Suffrage: The constitution provides for universal suffrage for Nigeriens age 18 or older. | **Judicial--Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, High Court of Justice. | ||
Administrative subdivisions: Eight regions subdivided into 36 districts (departments) and 265 communes (local councils). | *Political parties: Seven are represented in the National Assembly. | ||
*Suffrage: The constitution provides for universal suffrage for Nigeriens age 18 or older. | |||
*Administrative subdivisions: Eight regions subdivided into 36 districts (departments) and 265 communes (local councils). | |||
==PEOPLE OF NIGER== | ==PEOPLE OF NIGER== | ||
[[Image:niger_map.gif|right]] | [[Image:niger_map.gif|right]] | ||
*Nationality: Noun and Adjective--Nigerien(s). | |||
Nationality: Noun and Adjective--Nigerien(s). | *Population (2007 est.) 14,853,000. | ||
Population (2007 est.) 14,853,000. | *Annual growth rate (2005): 3.3%. | ||
Annual growth rate (2005): 3.3%. | *Ethnic groups: Hausa 53%, Djerma (Zarma) 21%, Fulani 7%, Tuareg 11%, Beri Beri (Kanuri) 6%; Arab, Toubou, and Gourmantche 2%. | ||
Ethnic groups: Hausa 53%, Djerma (Zarma) 21%, Fulani 7%, Tuareg 11%, Beri Beri (Kanuri) 6%; Arab, Toubou, and Gourmantche 2%. | *Religions: Islam (99%); remainder traditional and Christian. | ||
Religions: Islam (99%); remainder traditional and Christian. | *Languages: French (official), Hausa, Djerma, Fulfulde, Kanuri, Tamachek, Toubou, Gourmantche, Arabic. | ||
Languages: French (official), Hausa, Djerma, Fulfulde, Kanuri, Tamachek, Toubou, Gourmantche, Arabic. | *Education: Years compulsory--6. Attendance--45% (men), 31% (women). Literacy (2005)--28.7% (15% for women). | ||
Education: Years compulsory--6. Attendance--45% (men), 31% (women). Literacy (2005)--28.7% (15% for women). | *Health: Infant mortality rate--150/1,000. Life expectancy--54.5 yrs. | ||
Health: Infant mortality rate--150/1,000. Life expectancy--54.5 yrs. | |||
The largest ethnic groups in Niger are the Hausa, who also constitute the major ethnic group in northern Nigeria, and the Djerma-Songhai, who also are found in parts of Mali. Both groups, along with the Gourmantche, are sedentary farmers who live in the arable, southern tier of the country. The remainder of Nigeriens are nomadic or semi-nomadic livestock-raising peoples--Fulani, Tuareg, Kanuri, Arabs, and Toubou. With rapidly growing populations and the consequent competition for meager natural resources, lifestyles of agriculturalists and livestock herders are increasingly threatened. | The largest ethnic groups in Niger are the Hausa, who also constitute the major ethnic group in northern Nigeria, and the Djerma-Songhai, who also are found in parts of Mali. Both groups, along with the Gourmantche, are sedentary farmers who live in the arable, southern tier of the country. The remainder of Nigeriens are nomadic or semi-nomadic livestock-raising peoples--Fulani, Tuareg, Kanuri, Arabs, and Toubou. With rapidly growing populations and the consequent competition for meager natural resources, lifestyles of agriculturalists and livestock herders are increasingly threatened. | ||