Turkmenistan

Official name Türkmenistan (Turkmenistan)
Form of government1 unitary single-party2 republic with one legislative house (Mejlis, or Assembly [125])
Head of state and government President: Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov
Capital Ashgabat
Official language Turkmen
Official religion none
Monetary unit (new) manat (TMT)3
Population (2013 est.) 5,113,000COLLAPSE
Total area (sq mi) 189,657
Total area (sq km) 491,210
Urban-rural population

Urban: (2011) 48.7%

Rural: (2011) 51.3%

Life expectancy at birth

Male: (2011) 61 years

Female: (2011) 69.2 years

Literacy: percentage of population age 15 and over literate

Male: (2007) 99.7%

Female: (2007) 99.3%

GNI per capita (U.S.$) (2012) 5,550

Background of Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan, Turkmen Türkmenistan, country of Central Asia. It is the second largest state in Central Asia, after Kazakhstan, and the southernmost of the region’s five republics. The country is bordered by Kazakhstan on the northwest, Uzbekistan on the north and east, Afghanistan on the southeast, Iran on the south, and the Caspian Sea on the west. After Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan is the least densely populated of the Central Asian states. Much of its waterless expanse is inhospitable to plant and animal life. Except for oases in narrow strips dotted along the foothills of the Kopet-Dag Range and along the Amu Darya, Morghāb, and Tejen rivers, deserts characterize its sunbaked, sandy terrain. From 1925 to 1991 Turkmenistan was the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, a constituent (union) republic of the Soviet Union; it declared independence on Oct. 27, 1991. The capital is Ashgabat (Ashkhabad), which lies near the southern border with Iran.

Disclaimer

This is not the official site of this country. Most of the information in this site were taken from the U.S. Department of State, The Central Intelligence Agency, The United Nations, [1],[2], [3], [4], [5],[6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14],[15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24],[25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30],[31], [32], [33], [34], and the [35].

Other sources of information will be mentioned as they are posted.