Negros Oriental Province, Philippines

People of Negros Oriental

• As of the 2020 Census, Negros Oriental had a population of 1,432,990.
• In 2015, the province recorded a population of 1,354,995, reflecting a growth rate of approximately 5.75% over five years.
• Negros Oriental is historically home to indigenous groups such as the Ata and Bukidnon peoples, who lived in the mountainous interiors of the island. Over time, Cebuano-speaking settlers became dominant, shaping the province’s linguistic and cultural identity.
• The major dialect spoken is Cebuano, though Hiligaynon and Tagalog are also used in some areas. English is the official medium of instruction in all schools, ensuring educational access and national integration.

Location of Negros Oriental

• Negros Oriental is located in the southeastern portion of Negros Island, within Region VII (Central Visayas). Its geographic coordinates are approximately 10.03°N latitude and 123.07°E longitude.
• The province spans a land area of 5,385.53 square kilometers, comprising 6 cities and 19 municipalities. Its terrain includes coastal plains, volcanic highlands, and forested mountains. The climate is tropical, with a dry season from November to April and a wet season from May to October.
• The capital of Negros Oriental is Dumaguete City. The Provincial Capitol is located in Barangay Capitol Area, Dumaguete.
• Most people reach Negros Oriental via air and sea. Dumaguete–Sibulan Airport serves domestic flights from Manila and Cebu. Major seaports include Dumaguete Port and Bais Port, with ferry connections to Cebu, Siquijor, and Mindanao. Bus terminals connect Dumaguete to towns like Bayawan, Guihulngan, and Canlaon.

Tourist Attractions of Negros Oriental

• Apo Island: A world-renowned marine sanctuary ideal for diving and snorkeling.
• Lake Balinsasayao: A twin crater lake in Sibulan surrounded by lush forest and biodiversity.
• Casaroro Falls: A dramatic waterfall in Valencia, accessible via a scenic trek.
• Rizal Boulevard: A seaside promenade in Dumaguete lined with cafes and heritage markers.
• Buglasan Festival: Held every October, this province-wide festival showcases the culture, products, and traditions of all LGUs in Negros Oriental through street dancing, exhibits, and performances.

Economy of Negros Oriental

• The province’s economy is anchored in:
  • Agriculture: Major crops include sugarcane, rice, corn, coconut, and banana. Livestock and aquaculture are also significant.
  • Tourism: Eco-tourism, diving, and heritage sites attract both domestic and international visitors.
  • Education and services: Dumaguete is a university town, contributing to employment and regional development.
  • Manufacturing and trade: Food processing, furniture, and handicrafts support local industries.
• In 2024, Negros Oriental posted a Gross Provincial Domestic Product (GPDP) of approximately ₱138 billion, ranking mid-tier among Philippine provinces but showing consistent growth in tourism and education sectors.

Educational Institutions of Negros Oriental

• Young residents pursue higher education at:
  • Silliman University: A private Protestant university in Dumaguete offering programs in law, medicine, marine biology, and liberal arts. Founded in 1901, it is one of the oldest American-founded institutions in Asia.
  • Negros Oriental State University (NORSU): A public university with multiple campuses offering programs in education, engineering, agriculture, and technology.
  • St. Paul University Dumaguete: A Catholic institution offering health sciences, business, and teacher education.
  • Foundation University: A private university offering architecture, IT, and business programs.
  • AMA Computer College – Dumaguete Campus: Offers IT and tech-based programs.
  • TESDA-accredited centers: Provide vocational training in electronics, culinary arts, automotive technology, and other trades.

History of Negros Oriental

• Negros Oriental was officially established on January 1, 1890, when the island of Negros was divided into two provinces: Occidental (west) and Oriental (east). The division was formalized under Spanish colonial administration to improve governance and resource allocation.
• During the Spanish era, the province was known as “Buglas,” referring to the tall reeds that once covered the island. The Spaniards introduced Christianity, agriculture, and the encomienda system, which shaped early settlement patterns.
• In the American period, Dumaguete became a center of education and civic development. Institutions like Silliman University and St. Paul University were founded, contributing to the city’s reputation as a “center of learning in the south.”
• Today, Negros Oriental balances its agricultural heritage with eco-tourism, education, and cultural preservation. It continues to advocate for sustainable development and inclusive growth across its cities and municipalities.

Elected Officials of Negros Oriental

• As of the 2025 elections, Negros Oriental is led by:
  • Governor: Manuel “Chaco” L. Sagarbarria (PFP)
  • Vice Governor: Cezanne Fritz H. Diaz (PFP)
  • Representatives: 1st District – Jocelyn Limkaichong; 2nd District – Manuel T. Sagarbarria Jr.; 3rd District – Arnolfo Teves III
  • Board Members: As listed in the official Halalan 2025 results, representing districts such as Dumaguete, Bayawan, Guihulngan, and Tanjay.
• For full election results and updates, visit: Negros Oriental Election Results.

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