Misamis Oriental, Philippines

People of Misamis Oriental

• As of the 2020 Census, Misamis Oriental had a population of 956,900 (excluding Cagayan de Oro City).
• In 2015, the province recorded a population of 889,942, reflecting steady growth over five years.
• Misamis Oriental is historically home to the Higaonon and Subanen indigenous peoples. The Higaonon are known for their forest-based traditions and ancestral domains in the highlands, while the Subanen settled along riverbanks and coastal areas. Later, Visayan migrants—especially Cebuanos—established communities throughout the province.
• The major dialect spoken is Cebuano, though Higaonon and Subanen languages are still used in tribal communities. While these dialects reflect local heritage, English is the official medium of instruction in all schools, ensuring educational access and national integration.

Location of Misamis Oriental

• Misamis Oriental is located in Northern Mindanao (Region X), bordered by Bukidnon to the south, Agusan del Norte to the east, and Iligan Bay to the north. Its geographic coordinates center around 8.75°N latitude and 125.00°E longitude.
• The province spans a land area of 3,131.52 square kilometers (excluding Cagayan de Oro City). Its topography includes coastal plains, river valleys, and mountain ranges such as Mount Balatukan and Mount Sumagaya. The climate is tropical, with a wet season from June to November and a dry season from December to May.
• The capital of Misamis Oriental is Cagayan de Oro City, although it is administratively independent. The Provincial Capitol is located in Barangay 1, Cagayan de Oro, adjacent to Gaston Park and the St. Augustine Cathedral.
• Most people reach Misamis Oriental via land, sea, and air. The Port of Cagayan de Oro and Laguindingan Airport serve as major gateways. Bus terminals connect the province to Iligan, Bukidnon, and Caraga regions.

Tourist Attractions of Misamis Oriental

• Whitewater Rafting in Cagayan de Oro: A world-renowned adventure along the Cagayan de Oro River.
• Divine Mercy Shrine: A pilgrimage site in El Salvador City featuring a 50-foot statue of Jesus Christ.
• Mapawa Nature Park: A forest reserve offering waterfalls, horseback riding, and eco-tours.
• Lagoon Beach in Balingoan: A coastal retreat with white sand and clear waters.
• Kaliga Festival: Celebrated every July in Gingoog City, showcasing tribal dances, street parades, and cultural exhibits.

Economy of Misamis Oriental

• The province’s economy is anchored in:
  • Industry and manufacturing: The PHIVIDEC Industrial Estate in Tagoloan hosts power plants, steel mills, and logistics hubs.
  • Agriculture: Major crops include coconut, rice, corn, and banana.
  • Fishing and aquaculture: Coastal towns contribute to seafood production and trade.
  • Tourism and services: Eco-parks, cultural sites, and festivals support seasonal income.
• Misamis Oriental ranks among the top economic contributors in Northern Mindanao. In 2024, its estimated GDP exceeded ₱160 billion, driven by industrial expansion and regional connectivity.

Educational Institutions of Misamis Oriental

• Young residents pursue higher education at:
  • University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP): A state university with campuses in Cagayan de Oro and Claveria, offering programs in engineering, science, and technology.
  • Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan: A private Jesuit university offering liberal arts, law, medicine, and business programs.
  • Capitol University: Offers programs in maritime studies, nursing, and criminology.
  • Mindanao State University – Naawan Campus: Specializes in marine biology and fisheries.
  • St. Peter’s College of Balingasag: Offers teacher education and business programs.
  • St. Rita’s College of Balingasag: A Catholic institution offering liberal arts and education courses.

History of Misamis Oriental

• Misamis Oriental was originally part of the larger Misamis Province, which included areas now known as Misamis Occidental. The name “Misamis” is believed to have come from “kuyamis,” a variety of coconut once abundant in the region.
• In 1818, the area became a “Corregimiento” under Spanish rule, composed of four “Partidos”: Misamis, Dapitan, Cagayan, and Catarman. Cagayan de Misamis (now Cagayan de Oro) served as the capital.
• On November 2, 1929, the Philippine Legislature enacted Act No. 3537, dividing Misamis into two provinces: Misamis Oriental and Misamis Occidental. This law established provincial boundaries and assigned separate representatives to each province.
• Today, Misamis Oriental is known as the “Gateway to Northern Mindanao,” balancing industrial growth, cultural heritage, and ecological preservation. It continues to thrive through infrastructure development, education, and interfaith cooperation.

Elected Officials of Misamis Oriental

• As of the 2025 elections, Misamis Oriental Province is led by:
  • Governor: Juliette Uy (NUP)
  • Vice Governor: Jeremy Jonahmar Pelaez (Padayon Pilipino)
  • Representative – 1st District: Karen Lagbas (NUP)
  • Representative – 2nd District: Bambi Emano (Nacionalista Party)
  • Board Members – 1st District: Marlon Kho, Rommel Maslog, Rey Buhisan, Abingtsamba Bernaldez
  • Board Members – 2nd District: Official list available via Misamis Oriental Election Results.

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