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→Malaysia
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=Malaysia= | OFFICIAL NAME OF MALAYSIA: | ||
*Malaysia | |||
==Geography of Malaysia== | |||
*Area: 329,749 sq. km. (127,316 sq. mi.); slightly larger than New Mexico. | |||
*Cities: Capital--Kuala Lumpur. Other cities--Penang, Ipoh, Malacca, Johor Baru, Shah Alam, Klang, *Kuching, Kota Kinabalu | |||
*Terrain: Coastal plains and interior, jungle-covered mountains. The South China Sea separates peninsular Malaysia from East Malaysia on Borneo. | |||
*Climate: Tropical. | |||
==People of Malaysia == | |||
*Nationality: Noun and adjective--Malaysian(s). | |||
*Population (2006): 26.9 million. | |||
*Annual growth rate: 1.8%. | |||
*Ethnic groups: Malay 50.2%, Chinese 24.5%, indigenous 11.0%, Indian 7.2%, non-Malaysian citizens 5.9%, others 1.2%. | |||
*Religions: Islam (60.4%), Buddhism (19.2%), Christianity (9.1%), Hinduism (6.3%), Confucianism (2.6%), tribal/folk (0.8%), other (0.4%), none/unknown (1.2%). | |||
*Languages: Bahasa Melayu (official), Chinese (various dialects), English, Tamil, indigenous. | |||
*Education: Years compulsory--6. Attendance--98.5% (primary), 82% (secondary). Literacy--93.5%. | |||
*Health: Infant mortality rate (2005)--5.1 /1,000. Life expectancy (2005)--female 76.2 yrs., male 71.8 yrs. | |||
*Work force (10.55 million, 2005): Services--51%; industry--36% (manufacturing--28.4%, mining and construction--7.6%); agriculture--13%. | |||
==Government of Malaysia == | |||
*Type: Federal parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch. | |||
*Independence: August 31, 1957. (Malaya, which is now peninsular Malaysia, became independent in 1957. In 1963 Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore formed Malaysia. Singapore became an independent country in 1965.) | |||
*Constitution: 1957. | |||
*Subdivisions: 13 states and three federal territories (Kuala Lumpur, Labuan Island, Putrajaya federal administrative territory). Each state has an assembly and government headed by a chief minister. Nine of these states have hereditary rulers, generally titled "sultans," while the remaining four have appointed governors in counterpart positions. | |||
*Branches: | |||
**Executive--Yang di-Pertuan Agong (head of state and customarily referred to as the king; has ceremonial duties), prime minister (head of government), cabinet. | |||
**Legislative--bicameral parliament, comprising 70-member Senate (26 elected by the 13 state assemblies, 44 appointed by the king on the prime minister's recommendation) and 219-member House of Representatives (elected from single-member districts). | |||
**Judicial--Federal Court, Court of Appeals, high courts, session's courts, magistrate's courts, and juvenile courts. Sharia courts hear cases on certain matters involving Muslims only. | |||
*Political parties: Barisan Nasional (National Front)--a coalition comprising the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and 13 other parties, most of which are ethnically based; Democratic Action Party (DAP); Parti Islam se Malaysia (PAS); Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR). There are more than 30 registered political parties, including the foregoing, not all of which are represented in the federal parliament. | |||
*Suffrage: Universal adult (voting age 21). | |||